How Welding Works: Basics of the Welding Process

As explained by HowStuffWorks in their article “How Welding Works,” most modern welding falls into two categories: arc welding and torch welding. Each method offers distinct approaches to joining materials, with unique advantages depending on the application. 

Arc Welding: The Backbone of Industrial Welding

Arc welding relies on an electrical arc to melt the work materials and filler rod. This process involves grounding the material and generating an arc through an electrode lead, similar to the sparks from car jumper cables. The filler material is fed into the joint using steady back-and-forth motions, which are crucial for achieving the iconic weld appearance.

Popular arc welding methods include:

• Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW/Stick): Cost-effective and beginner-friendly, though slower and less versatile.
• Gas Metal Arc Welding (MIG): Offers speed and ease of use but requires shielding gas for proper operation.
• Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (TIG): Delivers high-quality welds and versatility but demands expertise and a complex setup.

Torch Welding: Precision and Control

Torch welding employs an oxyacetylene torch to melt the materials and filler rod, giving the welder significant control over the weld. While less common in industrial applications, it remains a go-to method for maintenance, repair, and artistic endeavors, including sculptures.

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Article with all rights reserved, courtesy of science.howstuffworks.com.